OBSEVATIONAL STUDY ON ROLE OF NEUROSONGRAM IN INTRACRANIAL PATHOLOGIES IN NEONATES INA TETIARY CARE CENTER

Abstract

Background: Neonates face a lot of challenges especially based on their gestational age, maternal factors, birth weight at the time of delivery, immediate cry following birth. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and Germinal matrix haemorrhage constitutes major portion of those challenges. To identify varied conditions, we can take help of imaging in form of neurosonogram. Methods : Neurosonogram was carried out on all n tool including follow neonates both as screening and diagnostic up scans. A total of 100 preterm babies with positive findings were included in the study. An analysis was performed over different pathologies including grading of specific condition in required areas. Results: Our study comprising of 100 neonates with brain pathologies showed following results. In our study of 100 neonates, most of the disease burden is by vascular causes (56%), then followed by infective (19%), congenital (14%), trauma (8%), metabolic (2%) and miscellaneous (2%). 52% of PVL showed associated risk factors. Conclusion: In our study 100 preterm babies with suspected brain injuries were studied with ultrasound through anterior fontanelle and mastoid sutures. Neurosonogram can detect various intracranial pathologies on par with CT scan. Transcranial doppler can reflect the cerebral blood volume and perfusion status through resistive index and abnormal values according to literature are >0.8 and <0.4 and can be noticed in severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy  and conditions which increases intracranial pressure . Any measure that decreases the vasospasm which decreases RI can eventually prevent the neonate having progression of ischemia and further new infarct.